QPlainTextEdit Class

The QPlainTextEdit class provides a widget that is used to edit and display plain text. More...

Header: #include <QPlainTextEdit>
qmake: QT += widgets
Since: Qt 4.4
Inherits: QAbstractScrollArea

This class was introduced in Qt 4.4.

Public Types

enum LineWrapMode { NoWrap, WidgetWidth }

Properties

Public Functions

bool backgroundVisible() const
int blockCount() const
bool centerOnScroll() const
int cursorWidth() const
QString documentTitle() const
bool isReadOnly() const
bool isUndoRedoEnabled() const
QPlainTextEdit::LineWrapMode lineWrapMode() const
int maximumBlockCount() const
bool overwriteMode() const
QString placeholderText() const
void setBackgroundVisible(bool visible)
void setCenterOnScroll(bool enabled)
void setCursorWidth(int width)
void setDocumentTitle(const QString &title)
void setLineWrapMode(QPlainTextEdit::LineWrapMode mode)
void setMaximumBlockCount(int maximum)
void setOverwriteMode(bool overwrite)
void setPlaceholderText(const QString &placeholderText)
void setReadOnly(bool ro)
void setTabChangesFocus(bool b)
void setTabStopDistance(qreal distance)
void setTextInteractionFlags(Qt::TextInteractionFlags flags)
void setUndoRedoEnabled(bool enable)
void setWordWrapMode(QTextOption::WrapMode policy)
bool tabChangesFocus() const
qreal tabStopDistance() const
Qt::TextInteractionFlags textInteractionFlags() const
QString toPlainText() const
QTextOption::WrapMode wordWrapMode() const

Public Slots

void setPlainText(const QString &text)

Signals

void textChanged()

Detailed Description

Introduction and Concepts

QPlainTextEdit is an advanced viewer/editor supporting plain text. It is optimized to handle large documents and to respond quickly to user input.

QPlainText uses very much the same technology and concepts as QTextEdit, but is optimized for plain text handling.

QPlainTextEdit works on paragraphs and characters. A paragraph is a formatted string which is word-wrapped to fit into the width of the widget. By default when reading plain text, one newline signifies a paragraph. A document consists of zero or more paragraphs. Paragraphs are separated by hard line breaks. Each character within a paragraph has its own attributes, for example, font and color.

The shape of the mouse cursor on a QPlainTextEdit is Qt::IBeamCursor by default. It can be changed through the viewport()'s cursor property.

Using QPlainTextEdit as a Display Widget

The text is set or replaced using setPlainText() which deletes the existing text and replaces it with the text passed to setPlainText().

Text can be inserted using the QTextCursor class or using the convenience functions insertPlainText(), appendPlainText() or paste().

By default, the text edit wraps words at whitespace to fit within the text edit widget. The setLineWrapMode() function is used to specify the kind of line wrap you want, WidgetWidth or NoWrap if you don't want any wrapping. If you use word wrap to the widget's width WidgetWidth, you can specify whether to break on whitespace or anywhere with setWordWrapMode().

The find() function can be used to find and select a given string within the text.

If you want to limit the total number of paragraphs in a QPlainTextEdit, as it is for example useful in a log viewer, then you can use the maximumBlockCount property. The combination of setMaximumBlockCount() and appendPlainText() turns QPlainTextEdit into an efficient viewer for log text. The scrolling can be reduced with the centerOnScroll() property, making the log viewer even faster. Text can be formatted in a limited way, either using a syntax highlighter (see below), or by appending html-formatted text with appendHtml(). While QPlainTextEdit does not support complex rich text rendering with tables and floats, it does support limited paragraph-based formatting that you may need in a log viewer.

Read-only Key Bindings

When QPlainTextEdit is used read-only the key bindings are limited to navigation, and text may only be selected with the mouse:

KeypressesAction
Qt::UpArrowMoves one line up.
Qt::DownArrowMoves one line down.
Qt::LeftArrowMoves one character to the left.
Qt::RightArrowMoves one character to the right.
PageUpMoves one (viewport) page up.
PageDownMoves one (viewport) page down.
HomeMoves to the beginning of the text.
EndMoves to the end of the text.
Alt+WheelScrolls the page horizontally (the Wheel is the mouse wheel).
Ctrl+WheelZooms the text.
Ctrl+ASelects all text.

Using QPlainTextEdit as an Editor

All the information about using QPlainTextEdit as a display widget also applies here.

Selection of text is handled by the QTextCursor class, which provides functionality for creating selections, retrieving the text contents or deleting selections. You can retrieve the object that corresponds with the user-visible cursor using the textCursor() method. If you want to set a selection in QPlainTextEdit just create one on a QTextCursor object and then make that cursor the visible cursor using setCursor(). The selection can be copied to the clipboard with copy(), or cut to the clipboard with cut(). The entire text can be selected using selectAll().

QPlainTextEdit holds a QTextDocument object which can be retrieved using the document() method. You can also set your own document object using setDocument(). QTextDocument emits a textChanged() signal if the text changes and it also provides a isModified() function which will return true if the text has been modified since it was either loaded or since the last call to setModified with false as argument. In addition it provides methods for undo and redo.

Syntax Highlighting

Just like QTextEdit, QPlainTextEdit works together with QSyntaxHighlighter.

Editing Key Bindings

The list of key bindings which are implemented for editing:

KeypressesAction
BackspaceDeletes the character to the left of the cursor.
DeleteDeletes the character to the right of the cursor.
Ctrl+CCopy the selected text to the clipboard.
Ctrl+InsertCopy the selected text to the clipboard.
Ctrl+KDeletes to the end of the line.
Ctrl+VPastes the clipboard text into text edit.
Shift+InsertPastes the clipboard text into text edit.
Ctrl+XDeletes the selected text and copies it to the clipboard.
Shift+DeleteDeletes the selected text and copies it to the clipboard.
Ctrl+ZUndoes the last operation.
Ctrl+YRedoes the last operation.
LeftArrowMoves the cursor one character to the left.
Ctrl+LeftArrowMoves the cursor one word to the left.
RightArrowMoves the cursor one character to the right.
Ctrl+RightArrowMoves the cursor one word to the right.
UpArrowMoves the cursor one line up.
Ctrl+UpArrowMoves the cursor one word up.
DownArrowMoves the cursor one line down.
Ctrl+Down ArrowMoves the cursor one word down.
PageUpMoves the cursor one page up.
PageDownMoves the cursor one page down.
HomeMoves the cursor to the beginning of the line.
Ctrl+HomeMoves the cursor to the beginning of the text.
EndMoves the cursor to the end of the line.
Ctrl+EndMoves the cursor to the end of the text.
Alt+WheelScrolls the page horizontally (the Wheel is the mouse wheel).
Ctrl+WheelZooms the text.

To select (mark) text hold down the Shift key whilst pressing one of the movement keystrokes, for example, Shift+Right Arrow will select the character to the right, and Shift+Ctrl+Right Arrow will select the word to the right, etc.

Differences to QTextEdit

QPlainTextEdit is a thin class, implemented by using most of the technology that is behind QTextEdit and QTextDocument. Its performance benefits over QTextEdit stem mostly from using a different and simplified text layout called QPlainTextDocumentLayout on the text document (see QTextDocument::setDocumentLayout()). The plain text document layout does not support tables nor embedded frames, and replaces a pixel-exact height calculation with a line-by-line respectively paragraph-by-paragraph scrolling approach. This makes it possible to handle significantly larger documents, and still resize the editor with line wrap enabled in real time. It also makes for a fast log viewer (see setMaximumBlockCount()).

See also QTextDocument, QTextCursor, Application Example, Code Editor Example, Syntax Highlighter Example, and Rich Text Processing.

Member Type Documentation

enum QPlainTextEdit::LineWrapMode

ConstantValue
QPlainTextEdit::NoWrap0
QPlainTextEdit::WidgetWidth1

Property Documentation

backgroundVisible : bool

This property holds whether the palette background is visible outside the document area

If set to true, the plain text edit paints the palette background on the viewport area not covered by the text document. Otherwise, if set to false, it won't. The feature makes it possible for the user to visually distinguish between the area of the document, painted with the base color of the palette, and the empty area not covered by any document.

The default is false.

Access functions:

bool backgroundVisible() const
void setBackgroundVisible(bool visible)

blockCount : const int

This property holds the number of text blocks in the document.

By default, in an empty document, this property contains a value of 1.

Access functions:

int blockCount() const

centerOnScroll : bool

This property holds whether the cursor should be centered on screen

If set to true, the plain text edit scrolls the document vertically to make the cursor visible at the center of the viewport. This also allows the text edit to scroll below the end of the document. Otherwise, if set to false, the plain text edit scrolls the smallest amount possible to ensure the cursor is visible. The same algorithm is applied to any new line appended through appendPlainText().

The default is false.

Access functions:

bool centerOnScroll() const
void setCenterOnScroll(bool enabled)

See also centerCursor() and ensureCursorVisible().

cursorWidth : int

This property specifies the width of the cursor in pixels. The default value is 1.

Access functions:

int cursorWidth() const
void setCursorWidth(int width)

documentTitle : QString

This property holds the title of the document parsed from the text.

By default, this property contains an empty string.

Access functions:

QString documentTitle() const
void setDocumentTitle(const QString &title)

lineWrapMode : LineWrapMode

This property holds the line wrap mode

The default mode is WidgetWidth which causes words to be wrapped at the right edge of the text edit. Wrapping occurs at whitespace, keeping whole words intact. If you want wrapping to occur within words use setWordWrapMode().

Access functions:

QPlainTextEdit::LineWrapMode lineWrapMode() const
void setLineWrapMode(QPlainTextEdit::LineWrapMode mode)

maximumBlockCount : int

This property holds the limit for blocks in the document.

Specifies the maximum number of blocks the document may have. If there are more blocks in the document that specified with this property blocks are removed from the beginning of the document.

A negative or zero value specifies that the document may contain an unlimited amount of blocks.

The default value is 0.

Note that setting this property will apply the limit immediately to the document contents. Setting this property also disables the undo redo history.

Access functions:

int maximumBlockCount() const
void setMaximumBlockCount(int maximum)

overwriteMode : bool

This property holds whether text entered by the user will overwrite existing text

As with many text editors, the plain text editor widget can be configured to insert or overwrite existing text with new text entered by the user.

If this property is true, existing text is overwritten, character-for-character by new text; otherwise, text is inserted at the cursor position, displacing existing text.

By default, this property is false (new text does not overwrite existing text).

Access functions:

bool overwriteMode() const
void setOverwriteMode(bool overwrite)

placeholderText : QString

This property holds the editor placeholder text

Setting this property makes the editor display a grayed-out placeholder text as long as the document() is empty.

By default, this property contains an empty string.

This property was introduced in Qt 5.3.

Access functions:

QString placeholderText() const
void setPlaceholderText(const QString &placeholderText)

See also document().

plainText : QString

This property gets and sets the plain text editor's contents. The previous contents are removed and undo/redo history is reset when this property is set. currentCharFormat() is also reset, unless textCursor() is already at the beginning of the document.

By default, for an editor with no contents, this property contains an empty string.

Access functions:

QString toPlainText() const
void setPlainText(const QString &text)

Notifier signal:

void textChanged()

readOnly : bool

This property holds whether the text edit is read-only

In a read-only text edit the user can only navigate through the text and select text; modifying the text is not possible.

This property's default is false.

Access functions:

bool isReadOnly() const
void setReadOnly(bool ro)

tabChangesFocus : bool

This property holds whether Tab changes focus or is accepted as input

In some occasions text edits should not allow the user to input tabulators or change indentation using the Tab key, as this breaks the focus chain. The default is false.

Access functions:

bool tabChangesFocus() const
void setTabChangesFocus(bool b)

tabStopDistance : qreal

This property holds the tab stop distance in pixels

By default, this property contains a value of 80.

This property was introduced in Qt 5.10.

Access functions:

qreal tabStopDistance() const
void setTabStopDistance(qreal distance)

textInteractionFlags : Qt::TextInteractionFlags

Specifies how the label should interact with user input if it displays text.

If the flags contain either Qt::LinksAccessibleByKeyboard or Qt::TextSelectableByKeyboard then the focus policy is also automatically set to Qt::ClickFocus.

The default value depends on whether the QPlainTextEdit is read-only or editable.

Access functions:

Qt::TextInteractionFlags textInteractionFlags() const
void setTextInteractionFlags(Qt::TextInteractionFlags flags)

undoRedoEnabled : bool

This property holds whether undo and redo are enabled

Users are only able to undo or redo actions if this property is true, and if there is an action that can be undone (or redone).

By default, this property is true.

Access functions:

bool isUndoRedoEnabled() const
void setUndoRedoEnabled(bool enable)

wordWrapMode : QTextOption::WrapMode

This property holds the mode QPlainTextEdit will use when wrapping text by words

By default, this property is set to QTextOption::WrapAtWordBoundaryOrAnywhere.

Access functions:

QTextOption::WrapMode wordWrapMode() const
void setWordWrapMode(QTextOption::WrapMode policy)

See also QTextOption::WrapMode.