docLang

Fundamentals

1. Structure

   pod::type.slot program structure

   Overview, Pods, Types, Slots

2. Literals

   syntax for literal types

   Overview, Bool, Int, Float, Decimal, Str, Duration, Uri, Type, Slot, Range, List, Map

3. Expressions

   syntax for expressions

   Operator Precedence, Shortcut Operators, Same Operators, Conditional Operators, Ternary Operator, Null Convenience Operators, Type Checking, Indexing, Bitwise Operators, Serialization Expressions, Advanced Operators

4. Statements

   syntax for statements

   Overview, Expression Statements, Return Statement, Local Variables, If Statements, Loop Statement, Switch Statement, Exception Handling

5. Exceptions

   exception handling

   Overview, Err Class, Throw Statement, Try-Catch Statement, Finally Blocks

Type System

6. TypeSystem

   static type system with bit of dynamic thrown in

   Overview, Types, Pure Object Oriented, Nullable Types, Value-Types, Statically Typed, Implicit Casts, Type Signatures, Collections, Generics, Subtype Substitution

7. CompilationUnits

   organization of source code

   Organization, Char Encoding, Anatomy of Source File, Using, Comments

8. Pods

   creating pods

   Overview, Pod Meta

9. Classes

   creating class types

   Overview, Class Modifiers, Obj, Instances, Reflection

10. Mixins

    creating mixin types

    Overview, Mixin Modifiers

11. Enums

    creating enum types

    Overview, Range, Enum Constructors, Enum Modifiers, Reflection

12. Slots

    slot model

    Overview, Slot Modifiers

13. Methods

    deep dive into method slots

    Overview, This, Constructors, Static Initializers, Default Parameters, Operators, Virtual Methods, Abstract Methods, Once Methods, Covariance, This Returns, Dynamic Invoke, Native Methods

14. Fields

    deep dive into field slots

    Overview, Simple Fields, Accessor Methods, Calculated Fields, Const Fields, Static Fields, Protection Scope, Readonly Fields, Virtual Fields, Abstract Fields, Definite Assignment, Overriding a Method, Mixins, Native Fields

15. Inheritance

    rules for slot inheritance

    Overview, Syntax, Inheritance Rules, Inheritance Restrictions, Overrides, Covariance, Super

16. Facets

    annotating types and slots with metadata

    Overview, Facet Classes, Annotations, Reflection, Inheritance

Functions

17. Functions

    functional programming

    Overview, Function Signatures, Calling Functions, Type Compatibility, Methods, Immutable Functions

18. Closures

    deep dive into closures

    Overview, Syntax, Binding Locals, Closure Parameters, Iteration, Closure Type Inference, It-Blocks, This Functions, With-Blocks

Interop

19. JavaFFI

    Java foreign function interface

    Overview, Interop Summary, How it Works, Class Path - Compiler, Class Path - Runtime, Primitives, Reflection, Arrays, Nullable, Overloaded Methods, Constructors, Subclassing, Overrides, Inner Classes, Dynamic Calls, Functions as Interfaces, Annotations

20. Natives

    implementing methods and fields in Java and C# code

    Overview, Native Classes, Native Peers, Native Methods, Native Fields

21. JavaScript

    compiling to JavaScript

    Overview, Js Facet, Deployment, Browser Runtime, Alternative Runtimes, Invoking Fantom from JavaScript, Natives, Testing

Advanced

22. Deployment

    how to deploy pods and applications

    Overview, Natives, Dependencies, Application Deployment

23. Env

    customizing the Fantom environment

    Overview, Directory Structure, BootEnv, Setting Env, PathEnv, JarDistEnv, Indexed Props

24. Serialization

    reading/writing objects

    Overview, Data Model, Serializable, Simple, Collection, Streams, Syntax

25. Concurrency

    model for sharing data between threads

    Overview, Immutability, Shared Objects

26. Actors

    message passing concurrency

    Overview, Actors, Actor Locals, Message Passing, Futures, Message Error Handling, Timers, Chaining, Coalescing Messages, Flow Control, Actor Pools

27. Naming

    URI naming system

    Overview, Resolving Uris, Uri Schemes, Fan Scheme

28. Logging

    logging APIs

    Log Creation, Log Statements, Log Levels, Log Handlers, Log Setup

29. Localization

    localization APIs

    Locale, Localized Properties, Locale Literals

30. DSLs

    domain specific language and compiler plugins

    Overview, Built-in DSLs, DslPlugins

31. DateTime

    date and time APIs

    Overview, Ticks, DateTime, Localization and Formatting, TimeZone, Trade-offs

Appendix

32. Appendix

    additional detailed notes

    Type Inference

33. Conventions

    coding conventions we use

    Overview, Source Files, Naming, Common Names, Indention, Statements, Comments

34. Grammar

    formal BNF syntax grammar

    Legend, Compilation Unit, Type Def, Slot Def, Facets, Stmt, Expr, Type, Misc, Keywords, Position Keyword