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key_io.cpp
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1 // Copyright (c) 2014-2019 The Bitcoin Core developers
2 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
3 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
4 
5 #include <key_io.h>
6 
7 #include <base58.h>
8 #include <bech32.h>
9 #include <util/strencodings.h>
10 
11 #include <boost/variant/apply_visitor.hpp>
12 #include <boost/variant/static_visitor.hpp>
13 
14 #include <assert.h>
15 #include <string.h>
16 #include <algorithm>
17 
18 namespace
19 {
20 class DestinationEncoder : public boost::static_visitor<std::string>
21 {
22 private:
23  const CChainParams& m_params;
24 
25 public:
26  explicit DestinationEncoder(const CChainParams& params) : m_params(params) {}
27 
28  std::string operator()(const PKHash& id) const
29  {
30  std::vector<unsigned char> data = m_params.Base58Prefix(CChainParams::PUBKEY_ADDRESS);
31  data.insert(data.end(), id.begin(), id.end());
32  return EncodeBase58Check(data);
33  }
34 
35  std::string operator()(const ScriptHash& id) const
36  {
37  std::vector<unsigned char> data = m_params.Base58Prefix(CChainParams::SCRIPT_ADDRESS);
38  data.insert(data.end(), id.begin(), id.end());
39  return EncodeBase58Check(data);
40  }
41 
42  std::string operator()(const WitnessV0KeyHash& id) const
43  {
44  std::vector<unsigned char> data = {0};
45  data.reserve(33);
46  ConvertBits<8, 5, true>([&](unsigned char c) { data.push_back(c); }, id.begin(), id.end());
47  return bech32::Encode(bech32::Encoding::BECH32, m_params.Bech32HRP(), data);
48  }
49 
50  std::string operator()(const WitnessV0ScriptHash& id) const
51  {
52  std::vector<unsigned char> data = {0};
53  data.reserve(53);
54  ConvertBits<8, 5, true>([&](unsigned char c) { data.push_back(c); }, id.begin(), id.end());
55  return bech32::Encode(bech32::Encoding::BECH32, m_params.Bech32HRP(), data);
56  }
57 
58  std::string operator()(const WitnessUnknown& id) const
59  {
60  if (id.version < 1 || id.version > 16 || id.length < 2 || id.length > 40) {
61  return {};
62  }
63  std::vector<unsigned char> data = {(unsigned char)id.version};
64  data.reserve(1 + (id.length * 8 + 4) / 5);
65  ConvertBits<8, 5, true>([&](unsigned char c) { data.push_back(c); }, id.program, id.program + id.length);
66  return bech32::Encode(bech32::Encoding::BECH32M, m_params.Bech32HRP(), data);
67  }
68 
69  std::string operator()(const CNoDestination& no) const { return {}; }
70 };
71 
72 CTxDestination DecodeDestination(const std::string& str, const CChainParams& params)
73 {
74  std::vector<unsigned char> data;
75  uint160 hash;
76  if (DecodeBase58Check(str, data, 21)) {
77  // base58-encoded Bitcoin addresses.
78  // Public-key-hash-addresses have version 0 (or 111 testnet).
79  // The data vector contains RIPEMD160(SHA256(pubkey)), where pubkey is the serialized public key.
80  const std::vector<unsigned char>& pubkey_prefix = params.Base58Prefix(CChainParams::PUBKEY_ADDRESS);
81  if (data.size() == hash.size() + pubkey_prefix.size() && std::equal(pubkey_prefix.begin(), pubkey_prefix.end(), data.begin())) {
82  std::copy(data.begin() + pubkey_prefix.size(), data.end(), hash.begin());
83  return PKHash(hash);
84  }
85  // Script-hash-addresses have version 5 (or 196 testnet).
86  // The data vector contains RIPEMD160(SHA256(cscript)), where cscript is the serialized redemption script.
87  const std::vector<unsigned char>& script_prefix = params.Base58Prefix(CChainParams::SCRIPT_ADDRESS);
88  if (data.size() == hash.size() + script_prefix.size() && std::equal(script_prefix.begin(), script_prefix.end(), data.begin())) {
89  std::copy(data.begin() + script_prefix.size(), data.end(), hash.begin());
90  return ScriptHash(hash);
91  }
92  }
93  data.clear();
94  const auto dec = bech32::Decode(str);
95  if ((dec.encoding == bech32::Encoding::BECH32 || dec.encoding == bech32::Encoding::BECH32M) && dec.data.size() > 0 && dec.hrp == params.Bech32HRP()) {
96  // Bech32 decoding
97  int version = dec.data[0]; // The first 5 bit symbol is the witness version (0-16)
98  if (version == 0 && dec.encoding != bech32::Encoding::BECH32) {
99  return CNoDestination();
100  }
101  if (version != 0 && dec.encoding != bech32::Encoding::BECH32M) {
102  return CNoDestination();
103  }
104  // The rest of the symbols are converted witness program bytes.
105  data.reserve(((dec.data.size() - 1) * 5) / 8);
106  if (ConvertBits<5, 8, false>([&](unsigned char c) { data.push_back(c); }, dec.data.begin() + 1, dec.data.end())) {
107  if (version == 0) {
108  {
109  WitnessV0KeyHash keyid;
110  if (data.size() == keyid.size()) {
111  std::copy(data.begin(), data.end(), keyid.begin());
112  return keyid;
113  }
114  }
115  {
116  WitnessV0ScriptHash scriptid;
117  if (data.size() == scriptid.size()) {
118  std::copy(data.begin(), data.end(), scriptid.begin());
119  return scriptid;
120  }
121  }
122  return CNoDestination();
123  }
124  if (version > 16 || data.size() < 2 || data.size() > 40) {
125  return CNoDestination();
126  }
127  WitnessUnknown unk;
128  unk.version = version;
129  std::copy(data.begin(), data.end(), unk.program);
130  unk.length = data.size();
131  return unk;
132  }
133  }
134  return CNoDestination();
135 }
136 } // namespace
137 
138 CKey DecodeSecret(const std::string& str)
139 {
140  CKey key;
141  std::vector<unsigned char> data;
142  if (DecodeBase58Check(str, data, 34)) {
143  const std::vector<unsigned char>& privkey_prefix = Params().Base58Prefix(CChainParams::SECRET_KEY);
144  if ((data.size() == 32 + privkey_prefix.size() || (data.size() == 33 + privkey_prefix.size() && data.back() == 1)) &&
145  std::equal(privkey_prefix.begin(), privkey_prefix.end(), data.begin())) {
146  bool compressed = data.size() == 33 + privkey_prefix.size();
147  key.Set(data.begin() + privkey_prefix.size(), data.begin() + privkey_prefix.size() + 32, compressed);
148  }
149  }
150  if (!data.empty()) {
151  memory_cleanse(data.data(), data.size());
152  }
153  return key;
154 }
155 
156 std::string EncodeSecret(const CKey& key)
157 {
158  assert(key.IsValid());
159  std::vector<unsigned char> data = Params().Base58Prefix(CChainParams::SECRET_KEY);
160  data.insert(data.end(), key.begin(), key.end());
161  if (key.IsCompressed()) {
162  data.push_back(1);
163  }
164  std::string ret = EncodeBase58Check(data);
165  memory_cleanse(data.data(), data.size());
166  return ret;
167 }
168 
169 CExtPubKey DecodeExtPubKey(const std::string& str)
170 {
171  CExtPubKey key;
172  std::vector<unsigned char> data;
173  if (DecodeBase58Check(str, data, 78)) {
174  const std::vector<unsigned char>& prefix = Params().Base58Prefix(CChainParams::EXT_PUBLIC_KEY);
175  if (data.size() == BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE + prefix.size() && std::equal(prefix.begin(), prefix.end(), data.begin())) {
176  key.Decode(data.data() + prefix.size());
177  }
178  }
179  return key;
180 }
181 
182 std::string EncodeExtPubKey(const CExtPubKey& key)
183 {
184  std::vector<unsigned char> data = Params().Base58Prefix(CChainParams::EXT_PUBLIC_KEY);
185  size_t size = data.size();
186  data.resize(size + BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE);
187  key.Encode(data.data() + size);
188  std::string ret = EncodeBase58Check(data);
189  return ret;
190 }
191 
192 CExtKey DecodeExtKey(const std::string& str)
193 {
194  CExtKey key;
195  std::vector<unsigned char> data;
196  if (DecodeBase58Check(str, data, 78)) {
197  const std::vector<unsigned char>& prefix = Params().Base58Prefix(CChainParams::EXT_SECRET_KEY);
198  if (data.size() == BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE + prefix.size() && std::equal(prefix.begin(), prefix.end(), data.begin())) {
199  key.Decode(data.data() + prefix.size());
200  }
201  }
202  return key;
203 }
204 
205 std::string EncodeExtKey(const CExtKey& key)
206 {
207  std::vector<unsigned char> data = Params().Base58Prefix(CChainParams::EXT_SECRET_KEY);
208  size_t size = data.size();
209  data.resize(size + BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE);
210  key.Encode(data.data() + size);
211  std::string ret = EncodeBase58Check(data);
212  memory_cleanse(data.data(), data.size());
213  return ret;
214 }
215 
216 std::string EncodeDestination(const CTxDestination& dest)
217 {
218  return boost::apply_visitor(DestinationEncoder(Params()), dest);
219 }
220 
221 CTxDestination DecodeDestination(const std::string& str)
222 {
223  return DecodeDestination(str, Params());
224 }
225 
226 bool IsValidDestinationString(const std::string& str, const CChainParams& params)
227 {
228  return IsValidDestination(DecodeDestination(str, params));
229 }
230 
231 bool IsValidDestinationString(const std::string& str)
232 {
233  return IsValidDestinationString(str, Params());
234 }
Bech32 encoding as defined in BIP173.
unsigned char * begin()
Definition: standard.h:33
void Encode(unsigned char code[BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE]) const
Definition: pubkey.cpp:275
unsigned char program[40]
Definition: standard.h:186
bool IsValidDestinationString(const std::string &str, const CChainParams &params)
Definition: key_io.cpp:226
CExtKey DecodeExtKey(const std::string &str)
Definition: key_io.cpp:192
const char * prefix
Definition: rest.cpp:670
Definition: key.h:144
bool IsValidDestination(const CTxDestination &dest)
Check whether a CTxDestination is a CNoDestination.
Definition: standard.cpp:322
CChainParams defines various tweakable parameters of a given instance of the Bitcoin system...
Definition: chainparams.h:52
std::string Encode(Encoding encoding, const std::string &hrp, const data &values)
Encode a Bech32 or Bech32m string.
Definition: bech32.cpp:152
unsigned int version
Definition: standard.h:184
unsigned int length
Definition: standard.h:185
unsigned char * begin()
Definition: uint256.h:58
CExtPubKey DecodeExtPubKey(const std::string &str)
Definition: key_io.cpp:169
const std::vector< unsigned char > & Base58Prefix(Base58Type type) const
Definition: chainparams.h:89
void memory_cleanse(void *ptr, size_t len)
Secure overwrite a buffer (possibly containing secret data) with zero-bytes.
Definition: cleanse.cpp:14
void Decode(const unsigned char code[BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE])
Definition: pubkey.cpp:285
Bech32m encoding as defined in BIP350.
CTxDestination subtype to encode any future Witness version.
Definition: standard.h:182
DecodeResult Decode(const std::string &str)
Decode a Bech32 or Bech32m string.
Definition: bech32.cpp:168
void Decode(const unsigned char code[BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE])
Definition: key.cpp:333
std::string EncodeBase58Check(Span< const unsigned char > input)
Encode a byte span into a base58-encoded string, including checksum.
Definition: base58.cpp:135
const std::string & Bech32HRP() const
Definition: chainparams.h:90
static NODISCARD bool DecodeBase58Check(const char *psz, std::vector< unsigned char > &vchRet, int max_ret_len)
Definition: base58.cpp:144
CTxDestination DecodeDestination(const std::string &str)
Definition: key_io.cpp:221
std::string EncodeExtPubKey(const CExtPubKey &key)
Definition: key_io.cpp:182
const CChainParams & Params()
Return the currently selected parameters.
const unsigned int BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE
Definition: pubkey.h:18
160-bit opaque blob.
Definition: uint256.h:113
std::string EncodeDestination(const CTxDestination &dest)
Definition: key_io.cpp:216
An encapsulated private key.
Definition: key.h:27
size_t size() const
Definition: standard.h:78
CKey DecodeSecret(const std::string &str)
Definition: key_io.cpp:138
boost::variant< CNoDestination, PKHash, ScriptHash, WitnessV0ScriptHash, WitnessV0KeyHash, WitnessUnknown > CTxDestination
A txout script template with a specific destination.
Definition: standard.h:214
std::string EncodeSecret(const CKey &key)
Definition: key_io.cpp:156
void Encode(unsigned char code[BIP32_EXTKEY_SIZE]) const
Definition: key.cpp:322
std::string EncodeExtKey(const CExtKey &key)
Definition: key_io.cpp:205
unsigned int size() const
Definition: uint256.h:78